HEMP VARIETIES
DEEP CUTS
European landraces, Canadian early birds, monoecious workhorses.
The actual genetics behind fiber, seed, and compliant crops.
If you’re running poultry, equine operations, livestock, or growing for fiber and seed, the variety you choose isn’t academic. It decides your flowering window, plant architecture, seed yield, fiber quality, and whether you stay inside regulatory lines.
This is the unvarnished breakdown of dioecious classics, female-predominant hybrids, and the monoecious lines that dominate modern production. Pulled from real agronomic history — Russian landraces via the Vavilov Institute, Italian southern ecotypes, Hungarian selections, Swiss alpine survivors, and the Canadian early-maturity program. No marketing gloss. Just the dirt on what actually grows where and why it matters.
Dioecious Varieties
The Original Split-Sex Powerhouses
Separate male and female plants. Classic for controlled breeding and often excellent fiber or seed performance. Many of these trace to landraces refined across Italy, Hungary, Romania, Switzerland, and Canada. Some still push the edge on cannabinoids; others were selected hard for compliance and yield.
Other Dioecious Standouts Worth Knowing
- ESTA-1 — Canadian Ottawa Valley. ~50-day flower onset, compact 150–180 cm. Reliable early seed type.
- CFX-1, CFX-2, CRS-1 — Canadian short seed hemp. Medium-large seeds, 105–110 days, cold tolerant.
- Fibranova — Italian. Tall, late, purple stems. Strong CBD reputation. Parentage involves Carmagnola + German lines.
- Antal — Czech Republic / Hungary. Tall, late-maturing fiber + CBD line.
- Balaton — Hungary 2019. Short and early CBD variety.
- Schurig (Schurigsche Hanf) — Famous German heirloom. Key parent to the first true monoecious variety (Fibrimon).
- Bergnaturhanf Ladir — Swiss alpine heirloom (Graubünden). ~2 m, robust, maintained by Pro Specie Rara. Possible mixed chemotype.
- Tiborszállási — Hungarian southern ecotype landrace. Mid-late flowering. Major parent stock.
- Lovrin 110 — Romania. Medium-tall, intermediate flowering. Good for essential oil. Selection from Bulgarian landrace.
- X59 (Hemp Nut) — Canadian. Early, shorter grain type from Russian Udmurt & Voronezh lines via Vavilov program.
Full list also includes Alp King, Armanca, Asso, BundyGem, CanMa, Chamaeleon, Crag, CS, Dioica 88, Eletta Campana, Fibridia, Havelländer, Helvetica, Kuhnow, Livoniae, Moldovana, Novosadska lines, Petera, Rastslaviska, Red Petiole, Silvana, Superfibra, Walliser Queen, Yunma series (China), and more.
Unisex Hybrids & Female-Predominant Lines
Biology Leveraged for Field Efficiency
Cross a dioecious female mother with a monoecious father and the F1 generation comes back overwhelmingly female (often >90%). The French refined this further with back-crosses, landing around 50% female / 50% monoecious plants. Fewer rogue males = cleaner seed set and more uniform biomass. The number on French Fédora/Futura lines roughly tracks maturity timing.
Monoecious Varieties
Uniform Harvest, Modern Production Backbone
Both sexes on the same plant. Easier mechanical harvest, more uniform stands, and historically easier breeding for fiber. The breakthrough came in the 1940s when Reinhold von Sengbusch systematically culled males (“femeln”) from Schurig-based populations until true-breeding monoecious types stabilized. Later French work locked it in. Many current EU varieties descend from Fibrimon crossed with southern ecotypes. The big USSR/Ukraine shift to monoecious hybrids in the 1960s delivered 2–3× fiber content gains.
Why any of this matters for feed, fiber, or field ops
Early, compact seed types like Finola derivatives and the CFX/CRS Canadian lines give you fast cycles and solid seed volume for poultry and livestock rations. Taller fiber-oriented dioecious and monoecious lines deliver biomass and bast. Female-predominant hybrids reduce the male “noise” in seed production fields.
Matching flowering onset and ecotype to your latitude and season length is still the single biggest agronomic lever. Many of these varieties were selected precisely because they performed in real dirt under real constraints — alpine cool, northern short seasons, or warmer southern European conditions.
Viable hemp seed for your operation
International and domestic lines. Single-gram packs for trials or small flocks. Bulk quantities for agriculture, poultry, equine feeding, and livestock programs. Live. Raw. Viable.